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The Cave of the Patriarchs massacre, also known as the Ibrahimi Mosque massacre or Hebron massacre,〔Yoram Peri, ''The Assassination of Yitzhak Rabin'', Stanford University Press, 2000, pp.100-103 : ''The Hebron massacre in perspective''.〕 was a shooting massacre carried out by American-Israeli Baruch Goldstein, also a member of the far-right Israeli Kach movement. On February 25, 1994, Goldstein opened fire on a large number of Palestinian Muslims who had gathered to pray inside the Ibrahimi Mosque (also ''Mosque of Abraham''), at the Cave of the Patriarchs in Hebron, West Bank. It took place on February 25, 1994, during the overlapping religious holidays of both Jewish Purim and Muslim Ramadan.〔 (non-free webpage)〕 The attack left 29 people dead and 125 wounded.〔(''Settlers remember gunman Goldstein; Hebron riots continue'' ). Avi Issacharoff and Chaim Levinson, Haaretz, 28 February 2010〕 Goldstein was only stopped after he was overpowered and beaten to death by survivors. The massacre immediately set off mass Palestinian protests and riots throughout the West Bank, and within 48 hours, nine Palestinian protesters had been killed by the Israeli Defense Forces.〔http://www.timesofisrael.com/the-goldstein-massacre-and-the-danger-of-escalation〕 Goldstein was widely denounced in Israel and by communities in the Jewish diaspora,〔''The ethics of war in Asian civilizations: a comparative perspective'' by Torkel Brekke, Routledge, 2006, p. 44〕 with many attributing his act to insanity.〔1 Wilson, Rodney. 2007. Review Article: Islam and Terrorism. ''British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies''. 34(2):203–213. (). (accessed 29 August 2010).〕 Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin condemned the attack, describing Goldstein as a "degenerate murderer", "a shame on Zionism and an embarrassment to Judaism". Some Jewish settlers in Hebron laud him as a hero and view his attack and subsequent death as an act of martyrdom. == Background of Baruch Goldstein== In the 1970s, Baruch Goldstein, who was born and lived in Brooklyn, New York, was a charter member of the Jewish Defense League,〔http://www.jdl.org/index.php/about-jdl/faqs/〕 a militant group deemed terrorist by the Federal Bureau of Investigation〔(FBI Analysis of Terrorist Incidents and Terrorist Related Activities in the United States 1985 )〕 and an anti-Arab hate group by the Southern Poverty Law Center.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Jewish Extremists Arrested in Failed Bombing Conspiracy )〕 After emigrating to Israel in 1983, he served as a physician in the Israeli Defense Force, first as a conscript, then in the reserve forces. Following the end of his active duty, Goldstein worked as a physician and lived in the Kiryat Arba settlement near Hebron, where he served as an emergency doctor.〔(BBC NEWS ) "Goldstein had lived in Israel for 11 years and was a doctor in the Jewish settlement of Kiryat Arba, just outside Hebron." "As the settlement's main emergency doctor he was involved in treating victims of Arab-Israeli violence."〕 Israeli press reports stated that Goldstein refused to treat Arabs, even those serving in the IDF; this was also reflected in comments by his acquaintances.〔(Mass-mediated Terrorism ) Brigitte Lebens Nacos, Rowman & Littlefield, 2002〕 Goldstein became involved with Kach, and maintained a strong personal relationship with Rabbi Meir Kahane, the militant Jewish nationalist〔Kushner, Harvey W. ''Encyclopedia of Terrorism''. 2003, p. 150〕 whose views, regarded by the Israeli government as racist, had caused his party to be banned from the Knesset in 1988.〔Juergensmeyer, Mark. ''Terror in the Mind of God''. 2003, p. 55〕 Kahane was assassinated in 1990 by Arab militant El Sayyid Nosair, and Goldstein reportedly swore to take revenge for the killing. Goldstein expressed anti-Arab feelings far before the massacre. He was known to refuse to treat Druze soldiers who served in the West Bank, believing it was against Jewish laws to treat non-Jews even for pay. In 1981, Goldstein wrote a letter, published in ''The New York Times'', which said that Israel "must act decisively to remove the Arab minority from within its borders", which "could be accomplished by initially offering encouragement and incentives to Arabs to leave of their own accord". In October 1993, inside the Ibrahimi mosque, acid was poured over the floor, leaving giant holes in the carpets, and six worshippers were assaulted. From the evidence of the sanctuary guards, Goldstein was identified as the culprit. A letter was written to Yitzhak Rabin, the then Israeli Prime Minister, by the Muslim authorities "regarding the dangers" of Goldstein and asking for action to be taken to prevent daily violations of the mosque.〔Helm, Sarah. (Jewish killer attacked mosque last year: Evidence is mounting that Baruch Goldstein was known to be dangerous well before the massacre ). ''The Independent''. March 1, 1994.〕 Four years before the massacre, an agent of Shin Bet, the Israeli internal security service, who had infiltrated Kach, passed a warning to his superiors about the danger posed by Goldstein. The agent ascribed to Goldstein the statement, "There will be a day when one Jew will take revenge on the Arabs."〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cave of the Patriarchs massacre」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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